Diseases of the skin can cause harm and emotional distress  in patients. The desirable  drug is one with least complications and most effectiveness. By prolongation of target exposure, drug effectiveness could be improved. There are several suggested solutions, including the use of chemical enhancers, electroporation, iontophoresis, and the use of nanoparticles as carriers of pharmaceutical agents. The use of various nanostructures, including liposomes, dendrimers, autosomes, and many mineral nanoparticles, have been proposed to prevent the limitations  with conventional formulations. Topical drug delivery has many benefits, including  using high concentrations of the drug and reducing  systemic passage of medicament. Many skin products, such as Estrasorb, Diractin and Aczone are available in the market with new and different manufacturing techniques for more skin penetration.
This paper introduces new approaches to drug delivery, types of nanocomposites and methods for increasing the penetration of pharmaceutical agents in the skin. Various factors such as physicochemical properties and the size of nanoparticles, as well as the effects of manipulation on the surface of these particles, have been discussed.

Keywords: transdermal drug delivery, inorganic nanoparticles, skin, penetration enhancers

Full-Text [PDF 1308 kb]   (4190 Downloads)