Volume 16, Issue 1 (Volume 16, No 1 2025)
jdc 2025, 16(1): 22-34 |
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Ayatollahi A, Fattahi M. A review for acute dermatophytosis and acquired or inherited immunodeficiency. jdc 2025; 16 (1) :22-34
URL: http://jdc.tums.ac.ir/article-1-5777-en.html
URL: http://jdc.tums.ac.ir/article-1-5777-en.html
1- Center for Research and Training in Skin Disease and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran * Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,dr.mahsafattahi@gmail.com
2- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran * Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract: (1017 Views)
Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi responsible for common and benign infections worldwide. However, in immunocompromised patients, they may lead to rare and severe diseases. Severe forms include widespread and/or invasive dermatophytosis, such as deep dermatophytosis and Majocchi’s granuloma. These cases have been reported in individuals with primary immunodeficiencies (such as autosomal recessive CARD9 deficiency) or acquired immunodeficiencies (such as solid organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases treated with immunosuppressive therapies, or HIV infection). The clinical manifestations of these infections are non-specific. Lymph node and organ involvement may also occur. Diagnosis requires mycological and histopathological evidence. There is no consensus on treatment. Systemic antifungal agents, such as terbinafine and azoles (e.g., itraconazole or posaconazole), are effective. However, the long-term outcome and management depend on the site and extent of the infection and the type of underlying immunodeficiency.
Keywords: dermatophytosis, trichophyton rubrum, immunodeficiency, organ transplantation, inherited immunodeficiency, acquired immunodeficiency
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